Biology 2e is designed to cover the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester biology course for science majors. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology includes rich features that engage students in scientific inquiry, highlight careers in the biological sciences, and offer everyday applications. The book also includes various types of practice and homework questions that help students understand—and apply—key concepts. The 2nd edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Art and illustrations have been substantially improved, and the textbook features additional assessments and related resources.

By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following:

Identify and describe the properties of life
Describe the levels of organization among living things
Recognize and interpret a phylogenetic tree
List examples of different subdisciplines in biology

In this course, you will learn the basics of plant biology. The student will begin with plant anatomy, learning the names and functions of all of the parts of a plant, then move on to plant physiology, where you will learn about photosynthesis, growth, and reproduction. Next, the student will study plant evolution according to the fossil record and examine the diversity of plant life in existence today and how that diversity impacts global ecology. Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to: identify and describe the functions of the different cells, tissues, and organs that make up a plant; describe the major life processes in plants (photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, growth and development, and reproduction) at the tissue, organ, cellular, and molecular level; explain the history and evolution of plants on earth; discuss plant diversity and identify the major characteristics of plant phylogenetic divisions; explain how plants fit into the global ecological system and why they are essential for life on earth. (Biology 306)

"Botany in Hawai‘i" discusses introductory topics of Botany through examples of the native and introduced plants found in Hawai‘i. It includes anatomy and physiology of seeds, roots, leaves, stems, fruits and flowers and covers the main plant groups from nonvascular to flowering plants. This book provides a visual reference to botanical concepts and terminology for beginners.

The dark reactions of photosynthesis (Calvin Cycle) are presented in this learning experience to show where these processes take place in the plant as well as the specific reactions involved.

Using the Extend 'connect-the-components' visual programming, students can model and simulate ecosystems including social and economic forces as well as study parameter variations to develop an understanding of ecosystem function and productivity.By making 'what if...' changes in the model, the effects of various proposed decisions about the environment can then be shown.EDM includes three ecological systems: Ponds, Grasslands, and Logging. Students can predict results of changes in the models and explore relationships.First, you diagram a model of the system showing parts and connections among them. For example, components of the model, such as the sun, are placed on the computer screen. Each component is linked to the others with a mathematical relationship, such as the transfer of the sun's energy to plants.Values are entered into block dialog boxes to characterize the interactions of the components, such as the amount of sunlight at a particular location or the initial number of bluegill in a pond. When the simulation is run, you can see the growth curves of the various components of the system.

Leaders in the field of biological diversity present an overview of emergent issues in biodiversity, from the surrounding flora and fauna to the genes deep within us. (117 minutes)

This text is a re-structuring the “classical” introductory botany course into a more logical sequence of themes with two main ideas: (1) put as much plant-related information as possible into an evolutionary context and (2) explain complicated problems with simple words and metaphors.

Table of Contents:

1: Introduction to the Introduction
2: Symbiogenesis and the Plant Cell
3: Photosynthesis
4: Multicellularity, the Cell Cycle & the Life Cycle
5: Tissues and Organs - How the Plant is Built
6: Growing Diversity of Plants
7: The Origin of Trees and Seeds
8: The Origin of Flowering
9: Plants and Earth
10: Methods of Taxonomy and Diagnostics

This activity is a lab activity where students grow two radish seeds, and manipulate a variable that may affect the germination time and growth of the radish seed.

Drawings and visualizations are used to help participants conceptualize the location and steps involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis. The drawsing include light reactions of photosynthesis including location and steps for non-cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation.

Inanimate Life is an open textbook covering a very traditional biological topic, botany, in a non-traditional way. Rather than a phylogenetic approach, going group by group, the book considers what defines organisms and examines four general areas of their biology: structure (their composition and how it comes to be), reproduction (including sex), energy and material needs, and their interactions with conditions and with other organisms. Although much of the text is devoted to vascular plants, the book comparatively considers ‘EBA = everything but animals’ (hence the title): plants, photosynthetic organisms that are not plants (‘algae’, as well as some bacteria and archaebacteria), fungi, and ‘fungal-like’ organisms. The book includes brief ‘fact sheets’ of over fifty organisms/groups that biologists should be aware of, ranging from the very familiar (corn, yeast) to the unfamiliar (bracket fungi, late-blight of potato). These groups reflect the diversity of inanimate life

Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Organisms
Chapter 2: Taxonomy and Phylogeny
Chapter 3: Boundaries
Chapter 4: Organism form: composition, size, and shape
Chapter 5: Cellular Structure in Inanimate Life
Chapter 6: Organ, Tissue, and Cellular Structure of Plants
Chapter 7: Producing Form: Development
Chapter 8: Vascular plant anatomy: primary growth
Chapter 9: Secondary growth
Chapter 10: Vascular Plant Form
Chapter 11: Reproduction and sex
Chapter 12: Fungal sex and fungal groups
Chapter 13: Sex and reproduction in non-seed plants
Chapter 14: The Development of Seeds
Chapter 15: Sex and Reproduction in Seed Plants
Chapter 16: Reproduction: development and physiology
Chapter 17: Sex, evolution, and the biological species concept
Chapter 18: Matter, Energy and Organisms
Chapter 19: Cellular Respiration
Chapter 20: Photosynthesis
Chapter 21: Metabolic diversity
Chapter 22: Nutrition and nutrients
Chapter 23: Soils
Chapter 24: Material movement and diffusion’s multiple roles in plant biology
Chapter 25: Plant growth—patterns, limitations and models
Chapter 26: Interactions Involving Conditions
Chapter 27: Biotic Interactions
Chapter 28: Agriculture
Chapter 29: Weeds and weed control
Chapter 30: Threats to agriculture: insects and pathogens
Chapter 31: Propagating plants and developing new plants
Organisms

This book provides images and descriptions for the organismal groups and anatomical features covered in general botany.

Table of Contents:

1: Diversity of Life Introduction
2: Prokaryotes
3: Fungi and Lichens
4: "Protists"
5: Bryophytes
6: Seedless Vascular Plants
7: Gymnosperms
8: Angiosperms
9: Introduction to Microscopy
10: Cells and Tissues
11: Roots
12: Stems
13: Leaves
14: Ecology

Tissues and cells of root, stem, and leaf anatomy in both dicots and monocots are investigated in this learning activity.

The field of plant physiology includes the study of all the internal activities of plants—those chemical and physical processes associated with life as they occur in plants. This includes study at many levels of scale of size and time. At the smallest scale are molecular interactions of photosynthesis and internal diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients. At the largest scale are the processes of plant development, seasonality, dormancy, and reproductive control. Major subdisciplines of plant physiology include phytochemistry (the study of the biochemistry of plants) and phytopathology (the study of disease in plants). The scope of plant physiology as a discipline may be divided into several major areas of research.

Plant growth regulators, including auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, and ethylene, are investigated in this learning activity to demonstrate how these chemicals (hormones) affect plant growth and development.

Plant water relations are presented in this learning activity to help participants understand the components of water potential, explain how water moves through plants, provide examples of plant adaptations to water stress, and have a general understanding of how water potential can be measured.