The abomasum is the fourth chamber in the ruminant. It functions similarly to the carnivore stomach as it is glandular and digests food chemically, rather than mechanically or by fermentation like the other 3 chambers of the ruminant stomach.

Provides acoustical background necessary to understand the role of sound in speech communication. Analyzes constraints imposed by the properties of sound and human anatomy on speech production (sound production from airflow and filtering by the vocal tract); auditory physiology (transformation of acoustical waves in the air to mechanical vibrations of cochlear structures); and sound perception (spatial hearing, masking, and auditory frequency selectivity). The Acoustics of Speech and Hearing is an H-Level graduate course that reviews the physical processes involved in the production, propagation and reception of human speech. Particular attention is paid to how the acoustics and mechanics of the speech and auditory system define what sounds we are capable of producing and what sounds we can sense. Areas of discussion include: 1. the acoustic cues used in determining the direction of a sound source, 2. the acoustic and mechanical mechanisms involved in speech production and 3. the acoustic and mechanical mechanism used to transduce and analyze sounds in the ear

Active transport is reliant on carrier proteins and thus follows the same rules as facilitated diffusion in that they are specific have a maximum rate and are subject to competition. Crucially they transport substances against their concentration gradient and so require energy to work.

The adrenal glands are paired bodies lying cranial to the kidneys within the retroperitoneal space. The glands consist of two layers; the cortex and medulla.

12.491 is a seminar focusing on problems of current interest in geology and geochemistry. For Fall 2005, the topic is organic geochemistry. Lectures and readings cover recent research in the development and properties of organic matter.

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone which is secreted from the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland. It has a mineralocorticoid activity and is the most important regulator of plasma potassium. When plasma potassium increases, increased stimulation of aldosterone occurs directly and also as a result of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). Aldosterone is also the most important regulator of sodium excretion.

The horse is a monogastric hindgut fermenter. The horse evolved for grazing and it does so for up to 17 hours a day. A high proportion of the horse's dietary carbohydrate is in the form of starch. A mature horse eats 2-2.5% of it's body weight in dry matter every day, 1.5-1.75% of this should be fibre (hay/haylage). This is to prevent a rapid drop in pH in the large intestine and also to stimulate peristalsis in the gut and prevent build up of gas.

Gives an overview of the anatomy and physiology of mammalian and avian animals' alimentary systems.

The information shared within this website was carefully curated and designed to promote quality online teaching and learning experiences for Anatomy and Physiology I faculty and students within the University of North Carolina System.

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES (SLOS):
Apply proper anatomical language to describe structure and function of body parts and organs of the human body.
Explain and apply the concept of homeostasis and describe homeostatic mechanisms.
Differentiate macro and micro anatomical structures.
Apply practical laboratory skills to solve physiological problems.

MODULES:
Module 1 - Body Plan & Organization
Module 2 - Histology
Module 3 - Integumentary System
Module 4 - Skeletal System
Module 5 - Joints and Articulations
Module 6 - Muscular System
Module 7 - Organization of Nervous Tissue
Module 8 - Central Nervous System
Module 9 - Peripheral Nervous System
Module 10 - Special Senses
Module 11 - Cardiovascular System - Heart

An interactive web book for any device is available here

The Anatomy Quizbook is a series of carefully selected questions addressing core learning in clinically relevant anatomy. It provides the opportunity for both pre-med and medical students to improve their knowledge of anatomy, as well as their performance in tests and examinations.

The form of self-testing presented in the Anatomy Quizbook has many benefits: it is proven to aid retention (Lieberman 2012), it is a very useful method to apply at regular intervals to ensure robust knowledge, and it is extremely beneficial in determining what is known before rather than after a test or exam.

Bearing in mind that it is neither necessary nor advisable to learn everything there is to know about anatomy, it is intended that the Anatomy Quizbook be used in conjunction with a comprehensive anatomy textbook such as Clinically Oriented Anatomy (Moore et al, 2014) or Gray’s Anatomy for Students (Drake et al, 2015). And whilst the Anatomy Quizbook is intended primarily for students, tutors may also find this a very useful teaching resource.

Anatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the two-semester human anatomy and physiology course for life science and allied health majors. The book is organized by body system and covers standard scope and sequence requirements. Its lucid text, strategically constructed art, career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course. The web-based version of Anatomy and Physiology also features links to surgical videos, histology, and interactive diagrams.

Anatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the two-semester human anatomy and physiology course for life science and allied health majors. The book is organized by body system and covers standard scope and sequence requirements. Its lucid text, strategically constructed art, career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course. The web-based version of Anatomy and Physiology also features links to surgical videos, histology, and interactive diagrams.

Anatomy and Physiology 2 Laboratory Manual is a guide for anatomy and physiology laboratory exercises. It includes dissection guidance with detailed images; instructions for physiology experiments including foundational content; and gross anatomy study guides for six body systems. Videos and tutorial links provide additional support. including studies in the following areas:

Endocrine
Blood
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
Fetal Pig Dissection

Includes the study of the gross and microscopic structure of the systems of the human body with special emphasis on the relationship between structure and function. Integrates anatomy and physiology of cells, tissues, organs, the systems of the human body, and mechanisms responsible for homeostasis.

Includes sections on the Endocrine System, the Cardiovascular System, the Lymphatic and Immune System, the Respiratory System, the Digestive System, Nutrition, the Urinary System, the Reproductive System, and Development and Inheritance.

This Open Course is an adaptation of OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology and was created under a Round Nine ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Topics covered include:

Chemical Organization
Cellular Organization
Tissue Organization
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Lymphatic System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Reproductive System

This lab manual was created for Anatomy and Physiology I at the University of Georgia under a Textbook Transformation Grant and revised through a Scaling Up OER Pilot Grant.

The manual contains labs on cells, histology, the integumentary system, the skeletal system, the nervous system, muscles, and the senses.

Lab manual for two semester anatomy and physiology laboratory course. The chapters parallel the OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology textbook. Chapter features include an initial Motivation section with information related to nursing and allied health careers as well as health disparities. Background information, pre-laboratory questions, lab exercises and post-laboratory questions are found in each chapter. The platform is Pressbooks on VIVA Virginia's Academic Library Consortium, authored by Norfolk State University Faculty

This set of anatomy videos illustrating parts of the human body was created under a Round Eleven Mini-Grant for Ancillary Materials Creation.

Topics include:

Axial Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Muscles
Nervous System
Anatomy of the Senses